Hall Current Sensor ACS712 30A Module

The ACS712 30A is a Hall-effect current sensor module designed to measure the current flowing through a conductor without having to directly make contact with the conductor. It is based on the ACS712 chip, which uses the Hall effect to sense the magnetic field generated by the current. The ACS712 module is often used in applications where accurate and non-invasive current measurement is required, such as in power monitoring, motor control, battery management systems, and overcurrent protection circuits.

Key Features of ACS712 30A Current Sensor:

1. Measuring Range: The ACS712 30A can measure both AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) currents. Its measuring range is from -30A to +30A.

• ACS712-05B: ±5A version
• ACS712-20B: ±20A version
• ACS712-30B: ±30A version (the one you're referring to)

1. Hall Effect Sensing: It uses a Hall effect sensor to measure the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through a conductor. The magnetic field is proportional to the current, and the sensor outputs a corresponding voltage.
2. Analog Output: The ACS712 provides an analog voltage output that is proportional to the measured current. The output voltage is centered around 2.5V when there is no current flowing (0A), which corresponds to the sensor's offset voltage.
3. Accuracy: The ACS712 provides good accuracy for general current sensing applications. The accuracy is typically around ±1.5% at room temperature (25°C).
4. Operating Voltage: The module operates at 5V (or 3.3V in some cases). This makes it suitable for use with microcontrollers like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and other similar platforms.
5. Response Time: It provides real-time current measurements with low response time, making it ideal for dynamic or fast-changing currents.
6. Protection: The sensor includes built-in overcurrent and thermal protection, ensuring it is safe for use in various applications.
7. Output Voltage:

• Zero current output: At 0A, the output is Vcc / 2 (typically 2.5V if using 5V as the supply).
• For positive currents, the output voltage increases.
• For negative currents, the output voltage decreases.

1. Compact and Easy to Use: The sensor module is small, easy to integrate into circuits, and doesn’t require complex calibration.

Pinout of ACS712 30A Module:

The ACS712 module typically has the following pins:

1. VCC: Power supply (5V).
2. GND: Ground.
3. OUT: Analog output pin that gives a voltage proportional to the measured current.
4. IP+: The input pin for the current to be measured (positive side).
5. IP-: The input pin for the current to be measured (negative side).

How It Works:

1. Current Flow: The current to be measured flows through the IP+ and IP- pins.
2. Magnetic Field: As current flows, it generates a magnetic field that the Hall effect sensor detects.
3. Voltage Output: The magnetic field influences the Hall sensor, which outputs a voltage that is proportional to the current passing through the conductor.

• Zero current (no current flowing): The output voltage is 2.5V (for a 5V supply).
• Positive current: The output voltage increases (greater than 2.5V).
• Negative current: The output voltage decreases (less than 2.5V).

Example of Connecting ACS712 with Arduino:

Components Needed:

• ACS712 30A current sensor module
• Arduino board (e.g., Arduino Uno)
• Jumper wires
• A load (e.g., a motor, LED strip, or another device drawing current)

Circuit Setup:

1. Connect the VCC pin of the ACS712 to the 5V pin of the Arduino.
2. Connect the GND pin of the ACS712 to the GND of the Arduino.
3. Connect the OUT pin of the ACS712 to one of the analog input pins of the Arduino (e.g., A0).
4. Connect the IP+ and IP- pins to the current-carrying wires in the circuit (make sure current flows through these pins).

Arduino Code to Read the Current:

int analogPin = A0;  // Analog pin connected to ACS712 OUT pin
int sensorValue = 0;  // Variable to store the raw sensor value
float voltage = 0.0;  // Voltage output from ACS712
float current = 0.0;  // Calculated current in amps

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);  // Initialize serial communication at 9600 baud rate
}

void loop() {
  sensorValue = analogRead(analogPin);  // Read the value from the sensor
  voltage = (sensorValue / 1023.0) * 5.0;  // Convert the analog value to voltage
  current = (voltage - 2.5) / 0.185;  // Convert the voltage to current (0.185V per A for 30A version)
  
  Serial.print("Current: ");
  Serial.print(current);  // Print the current in amps
  Serial.println(" A");
  
  delay(500);  // Wait for 500ms before the next reading
}

Explanation of the Code:

• Analog Reading: The Arduino reads the output voltage from the OUT pin of the ACS712 using the analogRead() function.
• Voltage Conversion: The raw analog value (0-1023) is converted to a voltage using the formula:
• voltage=sensor value1023.0×5.0\text{voltage} = \frac{\text{sensor value}}{1023.0} \times 5.0voltage=1023.0sensor value​×5.0
• Current Calculation: The output voltage is then converted to current using the known sensitivity of the ACS712, which is 185 mV per amp for the 30A version.
• The formula for current is:
• current=voltage−2.50.185\text{current} = \frac{\text{voltage} - 2.5}{0.185}current=0.185voltage−2.5​
• The 2.5V represents the baseline voltage when there is 0A flowing.

Example Output:

If the current flowing through the sensor is 1A, the output voltage will be around 2.685V (in the case of a 5V supply), and the Arduino will calculate the current based on that.

Applications of ACS712 30A Current Sensor:

1. Power Consumption Monitoring: For monitoring the power consumption of devices or systems.
2. Overcurrent Protection: Can be used in circuits to monitor current and shut down the system if an overcurrent condition is detected.
3. Battery Management: To measure charging or discharging current in battery-operated devices.
4. Motor Control: Used in motor driver circuits to monitor motor current, preventing overcurrent conditions.
5. Current Measurement for Solar or Wind Systems: For monitoring the current flow in renewable energy systems.

Origin:- China

Brand:- Generic